How to Buy a Gun in California: Complete Step-by-Step Guide

Buying a firearm in California involves more steps than most other states. This comprehensive guide walks you through everything you need to know to legally purchase a gun in California.

Step 1: Get Your Firearm Safety Certificate (FSC)

Before purchasing any firearm in California, you must obtain a Firearm Safety Certificate. This involves passing a 30-question written test covering firearm safety and California gun laws. The test costs approximately $25 and is available at any licensed firearms dealer.

The FSC is valid for 5 years. Study the California Firearm Safety Certificate Study Guide, available free from dealers or online from the California DOJ.

Step 2: Choose Your Firearm

California maintains a roster of handguns certified for sale. Only handguns on this roster can be purchased new from dealers. Long guns (rifles and shotguns) must be California-compliant, meaning they cannot have features classified as 'assault weapons.'

Visit local gun stores to handle different options and get expert advice on what fits your needs and budget.

Step 3: Complete the Paperwork

At the dealer, you'll complete federal form 4473 and California's Dealer Record of Sale (DROS). You'll need:

• Valid California driver's license or ID
• Proof of residency (utility bill, vehicle registration, etc.)
• Your FSC
• For handguns: proof of safe storage capability

Step 4: Background Check and Waiting Period

After submitting your paperwork, a background check is conducted through both NICS (federal) and California's system. There is a mandatory 10-day waiting period for all firearms purchases, regardless of prior purchases or CCW status.

Step 5: Pick Up Your Firearm

After 10 days (and approval), return to the dealer to pick up your firearm. You'll need to demonstrate safe handling and show how to use any safety features. Your firearm must be transported home unloaded in a locked container.

Important Restrictions

• Must be 21 to purchase a handgun or semi-automatic centerfire rifle
• Must be 18 to purchase a shotgun or bolt-action rifle (with hunting license)
• One handgun purchase per 30 days (some exemptions apply)
• Assault weapons are prohibited
• Magazine capacity limited to 10 rounds

Find a Licensed Dealer

Ready to start your purchase? Browse our directory of licensed California gun stores to find a reputable dealer near you. Popular areas include Los Angeles, San Diego, and the San Francisco Bay Area.